Archive for December, 2009

Understanding the concept of risk indexes

Monday, December 28th, 2009

When attempting to explain our approach to clients, we like to revert to simple to understand examples.  Our whole approach builds on “risk indexes” created per market. The markets we focus on – and to which our dynamic asset allocation methodology allocates – is to the major global stock and bond markets, as well as Commodities. To each of these markets we focus on creating risk indexes which identify not when markets are a “good buy” or a “strong sell” but instead attempt to identifywhat the major structural forces that impact asset markets are saying. 

It is similar to the temperature gauge in your car. When driving, you want to see the temperature gauge ”right in the middle”. In other words, not too hot and not too cold.

Our risk indexes function in a similar way. The combination of indexes create cyclical indexes which evaluate when markets are “high risk”, “low risk” or in “equilibrium”.

“Right in the middle” for our indexes would describe an equilibrium state. A high risk index reading (essentialy a combination of indicators that are 1 standard deviation or more away from their mean) implies that markets are “at risk” of a correction. The size of the correction is determind by how “high octane” the market is of course.  A high risk index reading for US bonds would imply a much smaller correction than a high risk index reading for US stocks.  A low risk index reading implies that structural forces are pointing to a positive environment for the market. In other words, the market is a “low risk buy”.  This does not imply that markets are immediately ripe for a bull market, but it does imply that the combination of indicators selected point to substantially higher market values from the current readings.

We hope you enjoy reading our blog. Please note: Our web application is set to be launched towards the final weeks of January. We are currently in the final stages of development. Our platform will be an invaluable tool for any portfolio manager and we are so excited that you are a part of it.

Japan playing catch up

Monday, December 28th, 2009

Japan’ s problems are well known: major underperformance of the stock market, sluggish domestic economy, strong currency, aging population, high fiscal deficits, etc.  What is interesting is the uptick in performance of the Japanese stock market compared with the global benchmark.  Is this a sign of things turning around for Japan? Looking at the MSCI numbers for December (through Dec 24) we see that Japan is up 8.9%, compared with 2.9% for the S&P 500, and 4.8% for Europe.

Lets take a quick look at Japan.  First and foremost, it should matter to any investor. It is the second largest economy in the world. Second the stock market is down nearly 75% from its peak in 1989 and investors should be monitoring this economy closely to see if structural forces are in place to spark a rally. Note that this year there was an important shift of power in Japan: the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) took over after 54 years of rule by the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Could this serve as a catalyst for Japan to do what is necessary to ignite the economy?

Forget for a moment that Japan has the highest debt to GDP ratio in the world (near 200%).  They unveiled a 7.2 trillion yen stimulus package on Dec 8, a week after a 10 trillion yen credit program to support the economy. This is looking more and more like Japan is trying to play catch up and start quantitative easing in the British / American sense.

SPX reaching 2009 highs

Thursday, December 24th, 2009

The S&P is now trading at 1125 (its 2009 high!). Since early November, SPX has been very range bound: between 1090 and 1110. This is a great move but it is occurring on a low volume week, so hopefully it stands when normal volume resumes in early January. Using historical secular bear market recovery rally averages the S&P has another 10-15% left (using historical averages). That would imply 1250 ish. After a collapse of approximately 38% last year for the SPX a 25% return this year is a breath of fresh air – but still leaves us 28% below the peak, and at the exact same level as early 1998. A full decade of zero returns … and for all the gut wrenching twists and turns that the stock markets provided investors in this decade, you figured they would be rewarded!!!

 

Globally, developed markets are also hitting their 2009 highs:

DAX (Germany) at 5957 – up 27% (in US$), CAC 40 (France) at 3912 – up 25% (in US$), FTSE 100 (UK) – up 33% (in US$), Nikkei 225 (Japan) is almost at its 2009 high at 10536 – up 18% (in US$)

Interestingly, Emerging Markets are mostly below their 2009 highs (though of course these have surged ahead of developed markets) :

Bovespa (Brazil) is down 5% from its ‘09 peak – but up 137% (in US$), Shanghai A Shares (China) is down 9% – but up 78% (in US$), RTSI (Russia) is down 4% – but up 121% (in US$)

Using a quantitative approach

Wednesday, December 23rd, 2009

A quantitative approach does not necessarily imply a black box. We like quantitative approaches because they help us remove the subjectivity of markets.  Granted it helps that we like math:

But we do not recommend a blind, mathematical approach to investing.  Covert Analytics is a program that allows portfolio managers to combine personal market views on technical signals, economic data, valuation, liquidity measures etc and to combine these measures into one unified approach. This unified approach allows portfolio managers to evaluate multiple markets in a similar fashion, thus removing the noise and hysteria, the bullishness and the bearishness, and to “stick to the plan”.

As a side note, we wanted to point out that following quantitative rules is something you already do. An odometer is a quantitative tool, it removes the subjectivity of speed measurement and tells you how fast your car is going. You dont leave it up to gut feeling do you? When the officer pulls you over would you say “I wasnt looking at my odometer, I thought I was going around 38 mph!” 

What about measuring your blood pressure? If your doctor were to tell you “I think your blood pressure is X” you would not think it was a sufficient measurement, would you? The concept here is that interpreting tons of variables as most portfolio managers have to do is a very difficult task. Breaking it down into quantifiable signals that can be easily digested, interpreted and combined into one cohesive measurement is what Covert Analytics is all about. Simply tracking a few measures (say 5) per market for an Equity portfolio allocated to the G7 is 45 variables!

David Kotok on Greece versus California

Wednesday, December 23rd, 2009

I saw David speak at the BCA Research conference in New York in October. He was great! Very on point, great speaker, and great market views. You can tell markets are his passion and he delivers an incredibly insightful view coherently – which is a rarity among most investment commentary pundits!  Barry Ritholtz had a link to his recent commentary, which I strongly suggest you read!

Here are the links:

Barry Ritholtz’s link to David’s Commentary at the Big Picture

About Barry: Barry is awesome. I cant wait to meet him one day. He was the first blog I ever cared to read, and the only one I still religiously read.  He makes economic data fun, and he is extremely insightful.

BCA Research

About BCA: Great research. Their GIS (Global Investment Strategy) is something I strongly recommend to any one invested in the global markets. It is written by Chen Zao – a great personality and a great gift at explaining trends in simple concepts.

David Kotok’s Company

About Cumberland: Fixed income money managers, but if its run by David, I would not question it.

Positives for the Euro Bloc

Tuesday, December 22nd, 2009

A weakening EUR (versus the US$) is a breath of fresh air for the Euro bloc.  What I think was the catalyst for this selloff in the Euro was the downgrade of Greece.  The Federal Reserve seems likely to raise rates before the ECB and the futures markets are pricing in this probability.  Market talk of the PIGS (Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain) suggests continued economic weakness. For all the talk of the US as the epicenter, it is important to acknowledge the unique set of problems plaguing the EU. 

The German bond market has performed comparatively well: up 2.9% (through 12/22) year to date, versus -3.0% for the US bond market.  Stock market reaction is a bit mixed: German stocks are up 22.0%, French stocks are up 27.1%, and Italian stocks are up 21.4% – this compares with up 26.9% for US stocks.

Purchasing power parity for the EUR still suggests it is expensive: the PPP estimate provided by Bloomberg is $1.12. Based on current spot rates this implies an overvaluation of 21%. At current spot rate of $1.4274 it is approaching the 200 day moving average ($1.4193) it will be interesting to see if this support level is broken to the downside. If that is the case, the next support level is near $1.30.

Our Approach: A better way to money management

Monday, December 21st, 2009

Portfolio management is not just about asset allocation and matching your tactical approach to the client’s investment objectives. It is also about a range of other issues: existing relationships your clients have (with private bankers, fund managers, etc), existing “legacy positions” and how to unwind them, allocation to illiquid holdings, security selection, etc. Our approach has always been to advocate that portfolio managers maintain as much control as possible over portfolio holdings, and the top down allocation decision.  The more intermediaries there are, the less control the portfolio manager has. 

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Intermediaries come in many shapes and colors: alternative managers such as hedge funds and private equity shops, private bankers with typically expensive fee structures and a penchant for selling structured notes (a low risk way to collect a nice fee without doing much work), mutual funds that have great “track records” that mysteriously fizzle out as soon as you invest with them. Our response: why risk it? Your clients entrust you with their money. Your job is to protect capital.  The more control you have, the higher your chances at doing just that.  Diversification out to intermediaries may seem like an appropriate way to diversify risk. But in the end, it simply complicates your life because now in addition to having to worry about markets and how to position portfolios, you have just added a slew of other variables you must now track: managers tracking error, operational risk, private equity sub company holdings, etc etc.

We love global, liquid, capital markets.  Why entrust your money to a Private Equity manager that makes a killing off your client’s hard earned capital for them to sit back in a comfortable Manhattan office and allow an army of employees to make a living doing the groundwork.  We suggest you cut the fat.  Why worry about your mutual fund manager’s stock picking ability when in a declining equity market, 200 bps of outperformance still could mean a decline of -25%! You see why our emphasis is on global (because opportunities in investing are NOT limited to the US), and liquid (because why risk illiquidity when more often than not the vehicles to get access to illiquid assets are way too costly) capital markets.

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Bill Gross is bumping up cash levels

Friday, December 18th, 2009

Bill Gross is hiking up cash holdings, from -7% in Oct 2008 to +7% now. Im not sure if this should be construed as a strong bet that rates are going to go up … Fed policy is still accommodative and will likely be like that for some time.

Click here for Bill Gross article

With the Fed Funds Rate at practically zero, and the 10 year around 3.5%, the bullish case for interest rates is weak. The bearish case of skyrocketing inflation and a Fed hiking rates seems years away at best.  CPI bottomed at about -2.0% in the middle of this year and the recent reading is about 1.8%.  Still mild by long term measures, but a situation that is worth monitoring. It is also notable that the deflationary numbers in the middle of this year were due to drastically lower energy prices compared with the middle of last year (when Crude peaked at nearly $150 per barrel).

US$ Rally Mostly Against EUR, GBP

Tuesday, December 15th, 2009

The EUR is trading at $1.45 for the first time since September (when it broke to the upside, going as high as $1.513). If the EUR heads to the 200-day moving average, it would reach a level in the low $1.40s. It broke below the 50-day moving average earlier in December, which is important given that since the EUR bull move began in March, this has served as a great support level. There are plenty of reasons for the EUR weakness, including Greek CDS spreads continuing their break out. From the Big Picture:

“Greek bonds are down sharply again with their 10 yr yield rising 24 bps to 5.70%, up 83 bps in 2 weeks and at the highest level since April and their 5 yr CDS is at the highest since March due to the lack of faith in the plan laid out by Greece’s PM.”

DXY (US Dollar Trade Weighted Index) has made a notable strong move, its first since January of this year. Its current reading is 77.06.

Asset Allocation Paralysis

Monday, December 14th, 2009

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The problem with not having a dynamic approach is that what often results is something I call “asset allocation paralysis” where a portfolio manager in essence stays stuck with a clients asset allocation.  Though minor portfolio changes are made, the overall asset allocation stays rather “stuck” within very tight ranges and rebalancing is rarely implemented.

We do not think that portfolio managers should try to time markets.  That is for sure a fools game. What we do strongly believe, on the flipside, is that structural trends and forces take shape which are either bullish or bearish for asset prices. A systematic approach to measure what is the environment for each asset class will help to (1) remove  emotion from evaluating these markets and (2) aggregate multiple indicators into one consolidated measure for a specific market.

Asset allocation is one of the most important and difficult tasks a portfolio manager must choose for clients.  Over the long run, it is the most largest determinant of how much wealth a portfolio manager creates for clients.  By responding tactically and aggressively to market movements, portfolio managers can really add alpha.  Asset allocation paralysis is a cross between “buy and hope” and trend following, because whether you like it or not, your portfolios will trend with the markets.

Covert Analytics is a platform designed to help you avoid asset allocation paralysis! We initially conceptualized this platform to help investment advisors and portfolio managers have a systematic approach to fall back on when deciding on how to react to market movements.  Our clients use it blindly, because their asset allocation models are designed by them, built around their gut feelings, and produce clear and specific recommendations subject to their clients constraints.